扪心问诊第一季

我看过一次心理医生，在北京。是北师大的研究生，她对我进行观察，举动一目了然，但仍然是有用的，不是因为她告诉我“你很正常”，而是因为她的学识为我所理解的事件进行了新的注释，有一种理论的力量。

会经常有这样的时候吧，想把最近发生的事情统统告诉一个无关紧要的人。我其实想告诉认识的人，但距离都好远。又没法一遍遍在心里回放，话说出来的功效有如抽丝剥茧，如何描述、怎样表达都直白地流露出心思所在。

看完荣格的书以后，我开始记录所有睡醒时还清楚的梦，这个工程有时很浩大，像是在写分镜头剧本，有时又面临长时间的断档。总体上仍然是相当有用的，因为在现实生活里不能实现的情境多半会在睡梦中得到相应的补偿。很少人会停下来认真思考所渴求的东西，或是自己最核心的不满足到底在哪儿，所以记录梦境的方法就从反方向提供了捷径。

最近偶然发现这部美剧，看惯跌宕起伏情节的人一定会觉得无聊致死。每集就是心理医生Paul和他病人的对话，每周5集，4个固定的病人加上第5天Paul去自己的导师那里谈话。一口气看掉了10多集，像是接受了2个疗程的治疗。

我暂时找不到心理医生，但是Paul的提问常迫使我对自己进行反问。始终觉得，要找到一种方式和自己坦诚相待，是多么的重要。

第一集我是完全没有从Laura有点混乱的叙述中听出她喜欢医生。以后再重看，看看能不能分析出来。
第二集他一开始提到Dan是gay我就有点怀疑他也是gay了。医生提到他妈死亡的时候我感觉这个人肯定是对死亡的痛苦和恐惧太深，又不会疏导，所以把这种感情深深压抑下去，不敢面对。他的典型的完美主义者啊，用完美主义的表象掩盖自己的弱点。他不敢承认自己是不完美的这一事实。他害怕做决定，害怕承担责任，我也一样啊。我是如此害怕做决定，如此害怕承担后果。我其实像一个5岁的小女孩啊。
哎呀，第三集的小姑娘和我很像啊，谈论悲伤的事情时会笑，很有自杀倾向，不爱谈论自己，独生女。When she was angry, she wanted her mother to call just so she could get angry with her.
google 了erotic transference，找到这一篇

A Remedy for Family Failure

Now, one very common lack in contemporary families is the failure to treat children with unconditional nurturing guidance and protection. So instead of learning true love in their families, children—through all sorts of family manipulation and game-playing, if not outright abuse—are essentially taught to fear love. And the pain of all this loneliness, guilt, and fear will live on in the unconscious, in a sort of timeless emotional imprisonment, even as the child grows through childhood and adolescence to adulthood.

So, suffering from psychological pain, you will seek out psychotherapy. Through healthy and honest interactions with a psychotherapist, you can learn to think and act in new, emotionally honest ways, different from the psychological defenses created in childhood, and current problems and symptoms can be remedied.

In this profound interaction with the psychotherapist, however, a new problem can emerge.

 
Feeling Special

As you begin to encounter genuine concern for your well-being, the whole experience of psychotherapy can feel overwhelming and intoxicating. Once having felt ignored and misunderstood, and now feeling noticed and understood—and not rejected—you can start to feel special. Moreover, you can begin to believe that the psychotherapist is special as well.

When this happens, everything can take on a feeling of erotic “love.”

You see quote marks around the word love in the last sentence because erotic feelings are really feelings of desire, not love. I want to know more about the psychotherapist’s personal life. I want to know what he or she likes. I want to be with him or her outside the psychotherapy sessions. I want to believe that he or she feels an attraction to me. And so on. That’s desire. It’s desire because it is based in what “I want,” not in what you or someone else needs.

  
        

Think for a moment about the whole purpose of family life and wonder what any infant needs. Well, an infant, born into the world completely helpless, needs protection and guidance in order to grow and develop its own abilities, so that, in maturity, he or she can go out into the world to do good for others. That protection and guidance—which is an aspect of true love—isn’t meant to make you feel “happy”; it’s meant to help you develop your unique talents and grow into a productive member of the whole human family.
        

  

Now, true love does have a function in psychotherapy. Love can be defined as “willing the good of another,” and this is precisely what the psychotherapist is ethically bound to do for all clients. The psychotherapist wills the good of all clients by ensuring that all actions within the psychotherapy serve the client’s need to overcome the symptoms that prevent the client from living a useful and meaningful life.

 
Flirting with Emotional Disaster

As unpleasant as it may be to admit it, erotic “love” is based on infantile needs to be received, accepted, and satisfied. When someone feels intensely received, accepted, and satisfied, then he or she is “in love.” But sooner or later that intensity will be broken. The break doesn’t even have to be the result of malicious neglect; it can simply be the result of a need to attend to other obligations in the world, and, in the person feeling neglected, intense jealousy can flare up.

This explains why “lovers,” friends, and blog readers, with all their personal needs and desires, cannot function psychotherapeutically. And it explains philosophically—above and beyond any laws or professional ethics—why psychotherapists cannot be friends or “lovers” to their clients. If they try, it will lead to psychological disaster, for without the “third person” of the unconscious in the consulting room the psychotherapy will degenerate into emotional chaos.

 
Understanding the Erotic Transference

Erotic “love” within the psychotherapy—technically called an erotic transference—is not necessarily a bad thing, though. That is, it’s not a bad thing if it can be understood as one essential step toward learning true love.

Just as any child who receives gifts from others must first go through a phase of development characterized by a “hoarding” or “clinging” mentality—Mine! Mine!—before learning to share with others, so you, in feeling the enthralling acceptance of your psychotherapist, will at first want to hoard that feeling and claim it as your own personal possession. But that feeling can’t stop there, and your psychotherapist’s job is to make sure it doesn’t stop there.

  
        

Sadly, many psychotherapists are not very competent in dealing with subtle psychodynamic issues. In fact, many psychotherapists feel uncomfortable with a client’s erotic transference. Why? Because many psychotherapists are unconsciously caught up in their own erotic transference with the world around them. And so these incompetent psychotherapists can make a mess of the whole process. Instead of just admitting, “Sure, you’re an interesting and attractive person. But that’s not what this work is all about. So let’s get on with the real work,” they try to hide behind a forced façade of neutrality that only leaves the client exasperated and confused. And if the client tries to speak about his or her feelings, an incompetent psychotherapist will shy away from really exploring the depth and vast unconscious extent of those feelings. Or an incompetent psychotherapist will, for his or her personal satisfaction, “fan the flames” of the client’s desire. Yet none of this is psychotherapy—it’s just more of the same manipulation and game-playing that has brought the client into treatment in the first place.
        

  

So remember why someone goes into psychotherapy: to experience a sense of genuine recognition so as to overcome the lack that disturbs current social functioning. Once all the manipulation, game-playing, and dishonesty that characterize your interpersonal relationships are dissolved through the integrity and honesty of the therapeutic relationship, then you can enter into an honest life of true love for others.

Is a psychotherapist just a “paid friend”
or an “emotional prostitute”?

 
The Real Task of Psychotherapy

Your task in psychotherapy, then, after you experience that intoxicating feeling of unconditional recognition, is to recognize in the transference itself your desire to hoard that feeling. At this point it will be important to talk openly within the psychotherapy about those desires and explore their deepest unconscious significance. Talk about how good it feels to experience recognition and understanding. And talk about how painful it felt to have been unrecognized and criticized as a child.

Assuming you have a competent psychotherapist, resist the temptation to terminate the treatment so as to run from the embarrassment of honest communication. Work through the awkwardness of it all until your desires for the psychotherapist are seen for what they are: an intoxicating attempt to hoard feelings of recognition and understanding.

Then, having understood the profound difference between desire and love, and having worked through the unconscious illusions (i.e., psychological defenses) behind your intense desire for one person, you can proceed to offer genuine love to everyone.

 
Summary

When you are working to overcome the transference, keep in mind this important fact:

  
        

You are not “in love” with your psychotherapist; you are obsessed with the idea that another person can give you what has been missing in your life because of what your parents—especially your father—took away from you in your childhood.

这部剧集的场景几乎都是在Paul的心理诊所里，几乎所有的场面都是对话。看惯了充斥着飙车、枪战，政府黑幕、惊天阴谋场面美剧的估计会不太适应甚至看不下去。个人觉得这部剧相当之好看，貌似冗长的大段大段的对话耐人寻味，正是因为场景很单一，演员每个细微的动作表情都显得意味深长。不过也可能是我个人对心理学有很浓厚的兴趣才会有这样的看法，或许其他人看了觉得甚是无聊也说不定。
 
心理问诊究竟有没有用？从In Treatment这部剧里来看，绝大多数人跟我一样持怀疑态度，还有一部分人甚至彻底否定。连前来问诊的病人都很难对医生Paul建立起信任——换句话说，很多人知道自己需要心理治疗，却并不相信它有用，即便他们去问诊了，建立信任也需要相当长的时间。伍迪•艾伦的电影里总是有个神经兮兮的家伙，看了十几年心理医生没见好转却一直付钱，借此嘲弄心理治疗的无用和滑稽。我一直认为，一个好的心理医生除了应当有在科班中可以学到的理论体系、精神分析、逻辑、理性之外，还应该具有天生的直觉，而在这两者背后还得有对病人的爱作为支撑和把持大局。否则了解那么多人性中或阴暗或悲惨的东西，一定容易变态。这部剧集里理论体系、弗洛伊德式的精神分析倒是表现得不甚突出，Paul作为一个很有天赋的心理医生，那种“无意识的直觉”、对病人的关爱却表现得淋漓精致。所以这部剧才觉好看不枯燥。导演兼编剧是大名鼎鼎加西亚．马尔克斯的儿子啊！
 
从心理医生的问题回到心理问诊本身上来。几乎所有的病人都心急火燎地想立即解决自己的问题，然后万事大吉。所以几乎所有病人都会对Paul说：你就告诉我应不应该去做这件事吧！or 你就直接说我应该怎么做吧！or 换了你是我你会怎么做？！每次Paul都无比冷静地回答：“我不能站在你的立场上来决定我可不可以做某事”“这事的决定权在你自己”。病人这时候总是很抓狂——既然如此，那我付钱来找你有什么用呢？！Alex的父亲甚至把Alex的死归因于心理问诊，起诉了Paul。但不可否认的是，Paul治好了有自毁倾向、“情欲移情”（Erotic Transference）问题的Laure，聪敏、尖刻、混乱的Sophie，这都经历了较长的时间且相当艰难的过程。只有Paul才可能做到在这抽丝剥茧的过程中，在病人的逃避甚至恶意对抗下还做出了最大的努力甚至是自我牺牲。作为观众，看得很有快意。
 
In Treatment有趣的一个细节，片头是一汪流动、交错的水，Paul的心理诊所里也有一个这样的水流摆饰，在左右平衡之中不断流动、分离、交汇的水流。水往往是人心理情感（情绪、感情）的一种象征，有些人的情感像欢快的小溪、有些是深沉的大海、有些是宽广的河流、有些是深不可测的古井、有些甚至是死水一潭。中国的古典文化中尤其喜欢借水的阻隔与沟通这一相互矛盾的意义来表达人的阻隔和沟通。比如大众熟悉的“我住长江头，君住长江尾。日日思君不见君。共饮长江水。 此水几时休，此恨何时已。”“ 问君能有几多愁？恰似一江春水向东流”“抽刀断水水更流，举杯销愁愁更愁”“盈盈一水间，脉脉不得语”。心理学的东西有时候很玄妙，按理说每个人或多或少都有点心理不甚健康之处，心理有较严重问题的也常在于自身心态的是否平衡上。比如A是一件既有的事实，B是人的观念、思维、想法，C是人的负面情绪，当C出现的时候人会痛苦而固执地去追究原因A，还有与A有关的人和事，不知A是根本无法改变的既定事实，人只有接受；人能改变的只有B。不想去改变B或者无法做到改变B的话，人往往会陷入心理的严重失衡，导致C的不断加重——水只流向了一侧，怎么也流不回来。
 
追到第二季，我现在唯一的结论就是，无论对于哪种人格、哪种情感、哪种价值观类别的人，当尽量避免道德审判或者说用自身可能很陈腐很疏漏的东西去度量他人，这些完全没有意义，重要的打破一些沟通的阻隔（完全打破似乎不可能），使情感之水流动起来，情绪得到平衡。